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North Central Coast is the northern part of Central Vietnam with the geographical area from the south of Tam Diep Mountain Range to the north of Hai Van Pass. North Central is one of seven economic regions assigned to plan socio-economic overall by the Government. This region consists of six provinces: Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thua Thien-Hue.

Geography

Majestic Truong Son Mountain Range (Annamite Range) – Source: Image from Wikimedia Commons

North Central Coast region in Vietnam is adjacent to North and Central key economic region on the North – South transport axis of the railway; many motorways in east – west direction (7, 8, 9, and 29) connect Laos with South China Sea. In addition, the region retains an convenient transportation system of airports (Vinh, Dong Hoi, Phu Bai), ports (Nghi Son, Cua Lo, Cua Hoi, Vung Anh, Son Duong, Cua Gianh, Nhat Le, Cua Viet, Thuan An, Chan May…), and high ways which lead to an important tourism center of the country (Phong Nha – Ke Bang, Hue Ancient Capital…) and promote economic exchanges among Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and Myanmar.

As a result, of monsoon blowing in northeast direction and carrying the steam from the ocean. The region is affected of cold and rainy weather in the winter. This is a different feature compared with the dry weather in the North. Meanwhile, in the summer, the southwest monsoon (also known as Laotian wind) brings hot-dry weather. The temperature at this time can be up to 40oC while the humidity is quite low.

Politics

Table of North Central Coast Administration

History

North Central Vietnam keeps an extremely important strategic position in the battle, national defense, and Vietnam territorial integrity through history. It has been the jump-off of many revolts and wars protecting national independence of Vietnamese people since ancient times.

4th Military Region currently takes the role of State management function in terms of defense of 6 provinces in North Central Coast; simultaneously, focuses on building national defense, commands to construct a strong and comprehensive armed force meeting requirements of fighting in any combat situation.

People

Ethnic people in Nghe An

North Central Coast is home to 25 different ethnic groups (Thai, Muong, Tay, H’mong, Bru-Van Kieu) living in Truong Son. Yet there exists an unevenly distribution from east to west. Accordingly, Kinh people mainly live in the eastern coastal plain.

Language

Vietnamese language still keeps the most important role to the development of society. Vietnamese is the universal language commonly being used all ethnic minorities in North Central. They only use their own languages within their ethnic communities; meanwhile, in communicating with the society, Vietnamese is still widely used in ethnic minorities here. There are some other popular languages in Central Coast, namely Thai, Muong, Mong, Khmu languages…

Economy

Nghi Son Cement Factory

Industry

Vietnam North Central industry owns many precious minerals, especially limestone; therefore, it facilitates to develop the mining exploitation and building materials. This is the most important sector of the region. Besides, the region also develops some other industry sectors, such as wood processing industry, mechanics, textiles, food processing. Some key provinces have a variety of industries: Thanh Hoa, Vinh, and Hue at small and medium scales. Infrastructure, technology, and machinery are also improved in order to supply fuel and energy. Thanh Hoa currently retains the biggest industrial production value.

Agriculture

Coastal plains: It is mainly sandy soil here (not suitable planting rice) which is suitable for annual industrial crops: tobacco, peanut…The region also specializes industrial-growing areas and rice intensification. However, food per capita is quite low: just about 348 kg / person.

Tourism

Senery in Lang Co. Hue

North Central is home to many border crossings between Vietnam – Laos: Nam Can, Cau Treo, Cha Lo, and Lao Bao. There is a stretching coastline enabling ships of merchants overseas and foreign tourists to come into the country. North Central Coast tourism in Vietnam is on the rise. The number of tourists is increasing day by day. The development of tourism services is under investment, especially transportation and communications.

Additionally, North Central Coast owns many fascinating beaches, such as Sam Son, Cua Lo, Thien Cam, Nhat Le, Cua Tung, Thuan An, Lang Co. This region also retains national parks: Ben En National Park, Pu Mat National Park, Vu Quang National Park, Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Bach Ma National Park…

Culture

Rituals in Cau Ngu Festival

According to the system of Vietnam geographic partition, North Central is the transition region between the North and South Central Coast. Its history shows that residents here are mainly Thanh – Nghe – Tinh people moving on Binh Tri Thien from Ly – Tran – Le Dynasty. Therefore, relations of Vietnamese people here involve and associate with the traditional cultural activities in general. North Central Ho (a traditional folk song) is a product of spirit expressing the coherence of Vietnamese community. There are some typical Ho types here: Ma River Ho (Thanh Hoa), Nghe Tinh “vi dam” Ho, Quang Binh “khoan” Ho, Quang Tri, Tri Thien and Hue Ho.

Festivals

There are some popular festivals in North Central Coast attracting both domestic and foreign tourists, namely fishermen wishes festival (Thua Thien – Hue), Lam Kinh festival (Thanh Hoa)

Society

North Central is also one of the important cultural centers of Vietnam, is home to three world heritages, namely Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Hue Ancient Capital relics, Hue royal court music. North Central is also the birthplace of many Vietnam cultural celebrities and politicians: Ho Chi Minh, Nguyen Du, Phan Boi Chau, Tran Phu, Vo Nguyen Giap, Le Duan…Kings of Le Dynasty, Ho Dynasty, Lord Nguyen, Lord Trinh…

Roads and railways: there are 1A, 7A, No.8, No.9, Ho Chi Minh Highway and North – South Railway going through the region…By Air: Xuan Tho Airport, Vinh Airport, Dong Hoi Airport, and Phu Bai Airport. Major ports: Nghi Son, Vung Ang, Cua Lo, Chan May.